汽车engine配件的中英文对照

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" [. n; H: u! r3 V5 I类型 type
9 G1 C+ {  F8 Z. i0 B发动机 engine
2 G: I3 D' u. ^% b内燃机 intenal combusiton engine  I* ~9 u. E9 ~6 Q) ~$ A$ J. i- U
动力机装置 power unit
* k) |0 d: e% J. p0 J汽油机 gasoline engine
4 y8 D' M  w3 h! Y/ u" N汽油喷射式汽油机 gasoline-injection engine
9 |$ K# D* D6 ~' Y( t6 @火花点火式发动机 spark ignition engine0 G3 i% _" l8 @: Q+ Z
压燃式发动机 compression ignition engine  v) c& M2 v3 y" \# k1 b
往复式内燃机 reciprocating internal combustion engine
0 Z& p$ q' l6 T% [0 Z: {) [9 ?3 \化油器式发动机 carburetor engine4 y9 K. q1 S  f0 q3 g, B8 u
柴油机 diesel engine
  R5 E" ~) B* ]" Q7 ~9 n- J转子发动机 rotary engine2 k* b# r  Y7 ?9 u" O% R
旋轮线转子发动机 rotary trochoidal engine8 X+ c% s1 h$ g( G2 p. v
二冲程发动机 two-stroke engine6 A0 ?) I$ }+ |- N6 [
四冲程发动机 four-stroke engine
' D; n- M$ a  C9 z+ s0 @直接喷射式柴油机 direct injection engine; P6 M1 M/ Q6 L
间接喷射式柴油机 indirect injection engine
! t& E9 p! M) ^  |增压式发动机 supercharged engine
- I: e8 x  U5 b) Y" }5 K风冷式发动机 air-cooled engine8 x. M/ ]# E9 x( z6 [! x
油冷式发动机 oil-cooled engine% K" C9 u- k' V& Q; P8 z8 E: t+ ?3 y
水冷式发动机 water-cooled engine
1 B1 `7 c4 m! W7 m7 b自然进气式发动机 naturally aspirated engine
4 e1 l9 F0 Z3 i煤气机 gas engine5 s# Z, O; h0 I
液化石油气发动机 liquified petroleum gas engine
, y9 X' a2 G. }6 o" x- G柴油煤气机 diesel gas engine+ j/ {8 Z( O0 s' o6 n  L8 X
多种燃料发动机 multifuel engine
" R5 d& z' W4 P* P' d+ G- K7 S  b, ], f
石油发动机 hydrocarbon engine- X0 G. z% C  K' C; ~( N# N- Z+ i
双燃料发动机 duel fuel engine; M% v+ {) N* h6 A2 o
热球式发动机 hot bulb engine
! B* m1 O6 i& x多气缸发动机 multiple cylinder engine
9 I  P, S' f3 y1 n+ z2 f( b  U# ~对置活塞发动机 opposed piston engine
6 J' c5 B$ y, u7 h; X6 C对置气缸式发动机 opposed-cylinder engine1 P1 |1 U- b$ Y5 \5 p3 U; ~
十字头型发动机 cross head engine% v" r  i! v0 c2 B
直列式发动机 in-line engine
0 u8 \9 P4 @3 j6 q) B( K- f星型发动机 radial engine
! M! g" M; O# s9 I5 V: W/ h  ?) N2 w筒状活塞发动机 trunk-piston engine
" j) ^6 i7 i- r4 `. X- @7 r8 F斯特林发动机 stirling engine
5 h* W: M" Q% h+ g' n" O套阀式发动机 knight engine3 g2 l) _6 Q2 G& Z# ]' m, y
气孔扫气式发动机 port-scavenged engine, ~) C2 e8 L6 ]& J% X9 s2 w) K3 w
倾斜式发动机 slant engine
4 m) u: I) g# I) s, R前置式发动机 front-engine. L1 n3 I. g+ S, @' O* n
后置式发动机 rear-engine4 [* L' [+ s" R
中置式发动机 central engine
( T1 v3 F: A2 C( K2 ]左侧发动机 left-hand engine
: D" \& O; }# f, ^7 o: K右侧发动机 right-hand engine
) M  ~0 R) o* l! c" X短冲程发动机 oversquare engine
# r! E1 s& j* d2 {长冲程发动机 undersquare engine9 H$ ?" l* G$ J( Q
等径程发动机 square engine
- |, [8 @% ~" E( R顶置凸轮轴发动机 overhead camshaft engine
/ ?/ f5 F; {/ T" Y% v! H. y双顶置凸轮轴发动机 dual overhead camshaft engine! ?* N0 F7 r; ?$ F7 W' |$ e
V形发动机 V-engine
5 M# N# c# ^5 X) I. W1 m顶置气门发动机 valve in-head engine
; B; w9 G, G- ^侧置气门发动机 side valve engine) V8 h2 V5 ~% t/ W) x1 n
无气门发动机 valveless engine: i- J4 R  @% B/ u/ B# D
多气门发动机 multi-valve engine" U4 z4 D. w) \/ r9 E3 f/ F% F
卧式发动机 horizontal engine
4 M! S2 |6 H$ x斜置式发动机 inclined engine
; {/ e7 Z* n! i6 ^8 R$ B& G; ?
) s0 Y( A1 H* a7 [立式发动机 vertical engine
/ d! J* r4 M# G$ d8 tW形发动机 w-engine3 O( [, P" e8 p% I/ N
I形发动机 I-engine
1 @, H+ R9 u. k1 AL形发动机 L-engine6 r( Z5 p, D8 O5 v: T
F形发动机 F-engine
# e' J. ^# S: H性能 performance
- V, Y6 ?, H2 N: q% w. b二冲程循环 two-stroke cycle
$ O! c' ?9 q/ h2 l四冲程循环 four-stroke cycle
0 |2 g% L  r6 K, |狄塞尔循环 diesel cycle
' t, f5 U# S: X% f3 a8 v$ v  D6 b  Q- b奥托循环 otto cycle3 f" T2 ^) i* c6 \' G
混合循环 mixed cycle6 G+ R% \) d# o
定容循环 constant volume cycle
0 V8 K, _3 F& M  b: W工作环 working cycle; }- O/ c, j# k# h; R& i/ Y: {+ Y& Y. L
等压循环 constant pressure cycle
: C2 J8 z) r: D+ i) C. c7 H理想循环 ideal cycle
2 Q2 i. W7 l: ^  J热力循环 thermodynamic cycle* B7 H# j& }3 T4 U7 @( d
冲程 stroke0 v1 S- J9 U6 [! C
活塞行程 piston stroke% E9 }5 `8 q' e9 _6 F& t1 ^% I
长行程 long stroke
; ]3 A4 n) X8 G上行程 up stroke% ]+ ~& ^1 B2 o5 ]6 J7 D
下行程 down stroke  L9 o  E# D* p
进气行程 intake stroke
# A; c# L/ \: N7 f3 r/ u9 _/ [! D充气行程 charging stroke0 X7 A4 @, V  p* o3 y
压缩行程 compression stroke
7 k$ v2 w- s! q5 h6 c* o爆炸行程 explosion stroke
$ [& F8 ^& `2 \膨胀行程 expansion stroke
* m: V9 q) z. b' [1 A动力行程 power stroke: S2 e& d8 A5 I" P1 j5 F0 T

0 x" k+ r1 x1 ~' Q) @排气行程 exhaust stroke
- v: A& L9 t. r3 z膨胀换气行程 expansion-exchange stroke
( \' \1 e9 i; z0 o换气压缩行程 exchange-compression stroke
, D3 r9 k/ `6 O. z. v止点 dead center
5 ]% O2 e" x9 D, H$ S( i( l$ Y上止点 top dead center(upper dead center)
( ?' P6 }- x8 b* @6 K0 I, s& o5 |下止点 lower dead center(bottom dead center)4 M- A9 h" {4 c& |! J7 V+ f
上止点前 budc(before upper dead center)
( q: ~9 z+ h+ f. t) A% }上止点后 atdc(after top dead cetner)
% P* c. Z$ Q1 ?# U下止点前 bbdc(before bottom dead center)3 G0 \. _- [; m, `, X
下止点后 abdc(after bottom dead center)% d, v! j2 }3 p# T5 q1 t  @
缸径 cylinder bore8 N' n* B# r% {. c
缸径与行程 bore and stroke( r8 \5 H- }# U9 G; C5 A+ Y! s: c
空气室 energy chamber4 {+ I# b' }/ S+ a/ V" B
气缸余隙容积 cylinder clearance volume# R+ j$ B4 b6 A4 {( k0 R
燃烧室容积 combustion chamber volume
! R" c) N% [$ a. [气缸最大容积 maximum cylinder volume
8 M$ u7 T( Y6 U# q8 \( ^压缩室 compression chamber5 D6 N/ K& Y1 J9 P& n. {! N* T; W
排气量 displacement
# }8 p+ n- T: [- K3 |) N" |- |$ l发动机排量 engine displacement& N; @; u/ O# f5 `/ D7 G5 Z1 u, }
活塞排量 piston swept volume' c  V% K3 I, k( A  e+ ?% ?
气缸容量 cylinder capacity* ?4 i6 Z- ]- n4 J
单室容量 single-chamber capacity
) e1 ?/ G3 q- j- o容积法 volumetry
! G( i* \! y% R- c9 h; ~. \. O压缩比 compression ratio& z# C" ^- W: y$ d8 A1 N5 D
临界压缩比 critical compression ratio
* ?1 A8 M0 `3 s5 }$ J/ p, L4 y( F膨胀比 expansion ratio
0 _" Q7 x1 j$ m; ]  Y4 r% h  A面容比 surface to volume ratio6 j/ ~/ A  L9 k4 L6 `- M
行程缸径比 stroke-bore ratio
4 T6 ~4 T% Y3 G5 |; S' @混合比 mixture ratio: f! w. I" d" p# Q5 o, B; a

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. {# ?6 l" q! B4 U$ C$ ^  n1 D压缩压力 compression pressure$ _0 C/ u3 }# _) y( o# c
制动平均有效压力 brake mean effective pressure(bmep)! v7 U& r+ B2 ^& |3 s* {6 z* i
空燃比 air fuel ratio
4 _# t1 J! b& }, Z+ u燃空比 fuel air rio
( x2 \' n5 Z' f- I燃料当量比 fuel equivalence ratio
2 |& V1 B- L0 l: l扭矩 torque5 ^  \% N9 n5 ]6 S" H
单缸功率 power per cylinder! ^2 a- {, D% ~" f# Q+ S4 s
升功率 power per liter/ S7 ]; s7 H* {8 G9 _
升扭矩 torque per liter
4 h0 G& t2 C- {8 l0 z升质量 mass per liter
8 T  [2 H% ?4 x9 P9 A2 W减额功率 derating power
4 |& Z3 Y2 K, z$ \! a  J2 e输出马力 shaft horsepower; P# O+ V" @5 Y1 e- q
马力小时，马力时 horsepower-hour
3 V" o% s; }' Z6 ]2 B总马力 gross horse power
4 g2 t9 z  f' f7 Q2 m总功率 gross power
  _( b; Y& v; N) K4 h% Z净功率 net power+ I1 X6 R! n, G  K& n+ A( ?
燃油消耗量 fuel consumption
2 t8 I. q1 f/ P: ]+ L+ s& v6 a0 E比燃料消耗率 specific fuel consumption8 R# d# C( a0 n: H9 j# n
空气消耗率 air consumption
7 X& r$ a- E+ G. M2 b机油消耗量 oil consumption+ [+ Z% w5 }, u8 }8 e
有效马力 net horse power
" ?3 ^" p8 s; F  ?额定马力 rated horse power
1 @& \3 K. P4 C5 N4 l+ x5 \0 S: Z马力重量系数 horsepower-weight factor
* R5 i: Q( H- S: i  d制动功率 brake horse power5 z3 a" h5 [+ |9 u# C
制动热效率 brake thermal efficiency' K3 w" J9 d2 U. `
总效率 overall efficiency# r! m$ B  S7 ?4 {0 a8 {1 ~0 Z3 c1 A" [
排烟极限功率 smoke limiting horsepower6 B& Y. b" x1 E$ x* ]  C# P
功率曲线 power curve- q: {' k$ y; M/ O  ]8 W+ T
机械损失 mechanical loss
/ m! ]5 A+ o5 r+ h- o- G机械效率 mechanical efficiency; Z) e$ ^/ f6 c

, u/ i& _9 F5 o' F有效热效率 effective thermal efficiency' r; P4 w$ H6 c  f
充气系数 volumetric efficiency
% c/ u+ i2 v( Y' r  G过量空气系数 coefficient of excess air
& J0 G1 H8 M; B0 \1 ^. z适应性系数 adaptive coefficient
% W' d& v7 X* c3 ?$ ~2 }扭矩适应性系数 coefficient of torque adaptibility
3 R+ r7 u# N  V( u( [' |转速适应性系数 speed adaptive coefficient/ r4 l' q' h$ @! T
强化系数 coefficient of intensification; c) z8 d: y; U; K( F
校正系数 correction factor4 ]3 V% y8 q. m/ }& s/ x
换算系数 conversion factor4 u( L& S1 }& q) u
活塞平均速度 mean piston speed" H1 Q' i* r0 Z
发动机转速 engine speed (rotational frequency)  j  H5 D9 k- N& y
怠速转速 idling speed% Q7 ~" }  X  P
经济转速 economic speed4 G" Q7 Q0 i  c
起动转速 starting speed4 n0 b- B- a6 I+ H1 k/ T$ p
最低稳定工作转速 lowest continuous speed with load0 i5 }+ q% R5 N- T3 b) ~
最大扭矩转速 speed at maximum torque; c/ Z" P# A9 i# N1 ?5 ~8 v
最高空转转速 maximum no load governed speed3 V+ m' k. n0 r6 @$ k
调速 speed governing8 d+ D, \3 N. o! A1 a4 N
超速 overspeed
# F1 h9 `9 I( g) S# O, F怠速 idling1 O3 ~4 y) D/ J: E
转速波动率 speed fluctuation rate" W  R$ B- Z. f, i5 k* x
工况 working condition(operating mode)6 G6 P0 L+ s( f
额定工况 declared working condition
6 W( d/ o8 M! r" R变工况 variable working condition
# ^1 k: v5 E5 R! D' D6 s6 F1 i( @6 r" Y稳定工况 steady working condition
1 W3 R, O6 s# i% U3 ~空载 no-load
( O7 I% p4 A/ X0 n1 R  P; Q4 E全负荷 full load
& c. }) k5 }; H- L超负荷 overload* S$ t7 o7 g6 f. T  k
部分负荷 part load* r) O' D+ [* i  _1 I" m3 ~

# f6 _  W9 |) D1 F+ O充量（进气） charge) K8 l8 |, t% p9 e
旋转方向 direction of rotation
& l' S6 v& k0 d$ G3 A5 T$ Y9 v顺时针 clockwise! Z, I# k; o: i
逆时针 counter-clockwise
! R* `% w, K; _0 h2 k: D2 v8 Y  O左转 left-hand rotation
$ J- y# l2 \8 a( K/ X右转 right-hand rotation
: H' B4 E! U" G- G2 {外径 major diameter) c6 u2 d% Y) Q8 Y* r
中径 pitch diameter
4 q: ?/ Z$ ]+ _内径 minor diameter- _* N( ]. X( T3 H0 F' V. Z' M
径向间隙 radial clearance- X0 f& W" F, Q( ^; n" u  l
发动机性能 engine performance
: y2 I/ w3 F8 v  B. B加载性能 loading performance/ v* G# I. T, f, N
起动性能 starting performance
+ d9 K1 W0 N1 o, |" p7 p加速性能 acceleration performance, K( {5 ?8 _- i- ?+ @5 G
动力性能 power performance# z% C" ]  J5 ], }; G4 X
排放性能 emission performance
$ r( m& ~4 q5 A# B# U4 b空转特性 no load characteristics
, C. u0 U8 k% j8 z负荷特性 part throttle characteristics
8 J# V8 e: o' T8 ?* W$ U9 _6 V调速特性 governor control characteristics7 Y  V& T, D+ b# ^( w
万有特性 mapping characteristics8 K. @. u# Z2 }1 D
稳定调速率 steady state speed governing rate
+ ]  \; w( j6 p4 C+ b6 J" e气缸体和气缸盖 cylinder block and head
% I7 F* B- t: Q9 r# E气缸体 cylinder block
  a6 I5 M; u3 j8 I, U整体铸造 cast inblock (cast enblock)- d7 O& d# P. T- B$ Q( K' Z1 G# b$ M
发动机罩 engine bonnet. B' N# |! E( p. h
气缸体加强筋 engine block stiffening rib
5 {  o& k! X) T; |气缸 cylinder
9 m3 |/ b" T' h) n6 M4 ~（转子机）缸体 stator* u9 ^& n* S) T: T6 R! f, L
缸径 cylinder bore0 C1 T- N+ O" a! E8 V& F
: z3 a. @9 a6 S

: @: |4 P7 b# \$ x' l& t气缸体机架 cylinder block frame1 |1 S; Q2 a& k$ \
气缸盖 cylinder head* K2 [' N: I6 ~1 k8 H3 h9 y
配气机构箱 valve mechanism casing6 D1 A: ^5 }+ [
气缸体隔片 cylinder spacer9 |) c! @& ^2 \& K
气缸盖密封环 cylinder head ring gasket
$ ~7 w9 V8 O. O气缸盖垫片 cylinder head gasket' X* ~6 z8 I# U6 _
气缸套 cylinder liner(cylinder sleeve)
$ _7 x  q/ y# g$ {干式缸套 dry cylinder liner
, D# b, d7 I/ d* U湿式缸套 wet cylinder liner
7 N3 G- V7 m5 C( O$ E' O7 N气缸水套 water jacket. B2 w+ `# h. r- ~" V1 r
膨胀塞 expansion plug' M# p$ v6 m& e" a7 C. p
防冻塞 freeze plug) k! D: G* J8 v" o- `- q7 [
气缸壁 cylinder wall& R' t0 k/ ?+ j; K# |
环脊 ring ridge
7 y. A5 P3 F* `4 _排气口 exhaust port
- L- n# f! Z+ j6 x% m中间隔板 intermediate bottum
) }7 r% t: G0 y$ V+ v) i& ]导板 guideway
3 v4 o+ N6 O7 N+ ~创成半径（转子机） generating radius/ Q0 ], ~$ ~3 t
缸体宽度（转子机） operating width9 g  V  Y% `  B! x' Z6 F, u
机柱 column
7 K1 K6 j4 P0 q燃烧室 combustion chamber& ?/ ~7 I* f/ J( `$ L* H7 u
主燃烧室 main combustion chamber: K8 v; @! ], Q! B. i: i
副燃烧室 subsidiary combustion chamber
9 @! B& R3 z) c4 F% }$ V9 J预燃室 prechamber
& V3 B' J7 J& a9 O+ `6 v7 G涡流燃烧室` swirl combustion chamber( L0 J6 b3 z% i1 h) y7 a" F

" Y' z* a+ D/ l* M分开式燃烧室 divided combustion chamber
8 R6 k- A+ q0 _) v6 [5 u3 L涡流式燃烧室 turbulence combustion chamber
3 C7 \- [1 C. ]半球形燃烧室 hemispherical combustion chamber
6 i% X/ F$ K3 V, H  i浴盆形燃烧室 bathtub section combustion chamber4 i5 G- G6 l" ]5 o" n7 e+ V% b6 k
L形燃烧室 L-combustion chamber: w+ [' j4 d; Y3 e
楔形燃烧室 wedge-section combustion chamber
; _  k" _5 N8 i1 S开式燃烧室 open combustion chamber% ?( A; }: U* b0 Z
封闭喷射室 closed spray chamber  s: Z  J+ G- I7 Y6 I
活塞顶内燃烧室 piston chamber
" G! d) q/ s8 Q; y5 l# ~0 C( z' @爆发室 explosion chamber' d8 \& B3 G2 ]  ~
燃烧室容积比 volume ratio of combustion cahmber; D5 i; J' R* Z6 ^1 A5 o
燃烧室口径比 surface-volume ratio of combustion chamber
( O; h: |  _1 a通道面积比 area ratio of combustion chamber passage
/ P+ e* m: D: d' n* u, u* Q曲轴箱通气口 crankcase breather7 l2 E9 Y) P! D7 ?$ T
凸轮轴轴承座 camshaft bearing bush seat
" _9 l6 h8 G5 G2 b定时齿轮室罩 camshaft drive(gear)cover% F; T1 s3 R+ N9 o
曲轴箱检查孔盖 crankcase door
# C! W5 q) T2 }- w, N5 @曲轴箱防爆门 crankcase explosion proof door) J6 I) z5 V* l1 p( ~, n4 L
主轴承盖 main bearing cap3 a, L" K% M$ c/ e& {
气缸盖罩 valve mechanism cover* D9 Y9 ?4 J- a; g0 R8 i
飞轮壳 flywheel cover# P# E* o+ H- {9 h9 i- f
扫气储器 scavenging air receiver
- G: s& l, M( Z. `* q* r活塞 piston$ B8 E1 K* h2 ?( T9 t
裙部开槽活塞 split skirt piston0 U5 C; i8 c6 f. ]- n
U形槽活塞 U-slot piston1 F, h' C2 H- u  z# K
滚花修复活塞 knurled piston# W1 j! n1 ^9 ]' q. }
圆顶活塞 dome head piston
, V6 I4 {( C3 v. c平顶活塞 flat head piston* m. h' Z* d' S
凸顶活塞 crown head piston(convex head piston)3 N7 q! l) ~1 ^- |8 e" P8 G; E
凹顶活塞 concave head piston
0 K4 M- t) e8 c6 v) J0 ]* C$ z

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: x  G- @% _% h7 ]- K9 m
阶梯顶活塞 step-head piston: M2 Q( `* A. e
筒形活塞 trunk piston3 H8 i' G  K; i- G: y% @- u* Z& \
椭圆形活塞 oval piston
& G3 ]8 Y  |( d, M抗热变形活塞 autothermic piston7 u7 T  z) [, J) _
不变间隙活塞 constant clearance piston
0 x1 r6 d1 U3 E+ Y* |镶因瓦钢片活塞 invar strut piston
9 I7 F/ W: p* G% Y. k$ ]6 {直接冷却式活塞 direct-cooled piston
6 D& U: [6 [) L8 v! F9 Y( K间接冷却式活塞 indirect cooled piston
! ~+ S, _6 @! h/ Q9 f滑裙活塞 slipper piston' z- ~- X1 ^; R8 v% m2 K+ l3 f6 t
活塞速度 piston speed
3 x" f8 {1 F5 X0 Q6 F- ]" K' J活塞顶部 piston head8 M8 h/ k, X/ P2 o, ^6 }7 Z
活塞裙部 piston skirt3 C$ R8 G- R/ R. b9 I& a
整体活塞裙 solid skirt1 f: c" j# C0 o9 ?% q8 ^1 F' e3 v% A
活塞裙扩大衬簧 piston skirt expander* ^! c# o* }5 P. W* F. K' h  \* }- [
滑履式活塞裙 slipper skirt6 v& q; ]9 m% p( H# v5 a
隔热槽 heat dam
7 o' X: o* q9 X6 @活塞标记 piston mark
3 X3 [4 q& J. V9 K活塞销 piston pin2 A, D( }) \0 o; h$ i7 q) B4 B
活塞销孔 piston pin boss
3 R/ U8 X0 X% T6 X) }活塞销衬套 piston pin bushing. r* t& B9 l; F. X9 L
全浮式活塞销 full-floating piston pin; \+ B: w# i3 ?) p# I5 ]$ }0 j
半浮式活塞销 semifloating piston pin; [6 K/ R) L) P9 \8 c! k* m! Z
固定螺钉式活塞销 set screw piston pin( v1 |0 F! _* u. t  p/ E; |
活塞环 piston ring
" s' u/ b8 _# u4 k组合式活塞环 compound piston ring
% S( _  D9 x. ~2 N) h% c$ Y同心活塞环 concentric piston ring
: J9 f6 l  j+ C7 z! v, e偏心活塞环 eccentric piston ring
5 f5 L0 Q3 Z8 ^! c, W7 x自由环 free ring) c* n8 f9 Z. Q# C) q' g
闭合环 closed ring" j$ R: W  }3 a7 P8 q
梯形环 keystone ring
$ j$ j8 U3 l+ t" L, `4 K. k" k( J$ K半梯形环 half keystone ring
# B3 h) b, P9 H- g7 j矩形环 rectangular ring
6 i% T* h* `6 F3 r油环 oil control ring
8 @7 J6 v! h, [0 l
+ B' b" r$ [2 c/ M  q开槽油环 slotted oil control ring
! X$ l% W4 H, I9 g+ j螺旋弹簧加载双坡口油环 coil spring loaded slotted oil control ring8 ^/ ?2 C* {  F3 m+ d
涨环 expander" q- E6 p  A* I$ r6 y  h
双坡口油环 double bevelled oil control ring
  K' c$ g) T$ V; [; m内上坡口 internal bevel top
  q8 i. l5 V/ C- V3 F1 w! [内下坡口 internal bevel bottom. g6 l+ m" N+ o9 n) S7 Q
边缘坡口油环 bevelled-ege oil control ring
7 h6 e: u+ A5 }; n9 {刮油环 scrapper ring
, m2 Z2 P* Q  O8 {钩形环 napier ring' b8 S7 D3 F% D; C8 S% e$ A% [; i
镀铬活塞环 chrome plated piston ring5 [6 u2 U* Q8 A" A. q0 q8 {* |( g
活塞衬环 piston ring expander
" }1 C- ], T# G, F: r; T活塞环槽 piston ring groove
: V7 a- k( @  M4 S, _% m活塞环区 ring zone9 B' [( m% j( q; L8 d9 @
活塞环岸 piston ring land5 I0 y2 ?/ v1 ^/ |7 u1 P* I; N( ~
活塞环内表面 back of ring
3 b1 I3 m2 P: W& i1 F' X曲柄连杆机构 connecting rod
3 x% L0 }" G. k3 b0 T! m0 g9 G中心曲柄连杆机构 central-located connecting rod# x6 c! N" j9 Q' R
偏心曲柄连杆机构 offset connecting rod" s, |& R: F! n
铰接曲柄边杆机构 hinged connecting rod
" S7 k9 \1 k) h6 ?连杆 connecting rod
, [( v6 t6 u; k& Q! v" n连杆小头 connecting rod small end' R/ s2 b2 [- [  h
连杆大头 connnecting rod big end
2 A  r8 [% l6 V% Y. I+ n连杆杆身 connecting rod shank" p8 Q9 u/ k9 k5 |9 m) [4 L5 I
副连杆 slave connecting rod+ {) q6 Z% `- b+ }0 ?
叉形连杆 fork-and-blade connecting rod6 Q+ h# Y$ h( r7 p  f3 E
主连杆 main connecting rod% D$ `4 [1 l0 H* E6 }# {! k. b2 i0 N" n
方形连杆 boxed rod* m  D: A/ v" x4 t
绞链式连杆 hinged type connecting rod
& m! n* t3 X5 y+ P) M$ [, F活节式连杆 articulated connecting rod- J/ l3 @7 H* B7 U2 X0 r; F
连杆盖 connecting rod cap
6 U/ w1 Y4 J" r4 a% ~7 T连杆轴承 connecting rod bearing
; C7 g+ M* M: ^. ?7 g2 t! n
" m. P4 i9 o) a3 A; T8 R$ q! q9 l曲轴 crankshaft
) n( \; A7 R! p整体式曲轴 one-piece crankshaft
0 ]& f: R" O) ~$ Z组合式曲轴 assembled crankshaft
, ^. o! P# g, b+ \右侧曲轴 right-hand crankshaft) d8 p/ _& t* @, p' Z" R
左侧曲轴 left-hand crankshaft
$ X% k1 @3 |+ E6 q) A0 k  G# E改变行程的曲轴 stroked crankshaft- W  m' v& P9 X( u
曲轴前端 crankshaft front end: p, @$ v7 y+ D# R
曲轴主轴颈 crankshaft main journal8 V3 E8 W" ?( b3 x6 k+ H
轴颈重叠度 shaft journal overlap
  j! u) O# ?0 `6 q0 G( e4 c圆角 fillet& x/ Q8 _$ j+ D! \& ~
主轴承 main bearing
, i* g8 E5 O% ^曲轴止推轴承 crankshaft thrust bearing+ a: s! }7 v6 X9 ~( _- K; T
薄臂轴瓦 thin wall bearing shell
) E2 z$ O/ I% j曲轴油道 crankshaft oil passage
; N" \9 [. H! `* ~1 g+ W/ U4 n, \6 s曲柄 crank
! J6 D0 M7 i7 K4 ?( y! q; |曲柄臂 crank arm
: u( D2 k" q- u/ B曲柄销 crank pin! O. H; Z7 V/ E
轴套 bush
& W- p) l3 w9 _6 Y. K曲柄转角 crank angle9 B! F6 v' W& {1 w& i" @9 x5 Y0 g
曲柄半径 crank radius
  \) X( b6 W  v$ Z5 S3 z抛油圈 oil slander
( H# T+ X* O2 R% p* Y2 ^角度轮 degree wheel$ I5 W! b0 y2 I. b2 @7 |1 i( S
动平衡机 dynamic balancer
, K% E  l( @  U( T平衡重 balancer weight
+ o7 W. Y- J/ A, S- w扭振减振器 torshional vibration damper
* Y% m, s$ n  I扭振平衡器 torsion balancer; D+ i" B. q7 c& N+ m
谐振平衡器 harmonic balancer8 q' m1 F  {3 u# L9 H' d, S
振动平衡器 vibration balancer
' u& Q/ w2 \+ y6 K) d/ L曲轴链轮 crankshaft sprocket& ^1 }9 m* M, H

2 j$ O! B5 `" X2 Z转子轴颈 rotor journal
9 {" z: z4 A2 m% H7 k偏心轴 eccentric shaft
1 O) p- f4 s. U2 K# W- m9 A曲轴箱 crankcase
7 I6 q5 C  ]! x7 p6 }( S闭式曲轴箱通风装置 closed-crankcase ventilating system, L; H, l/ K) I' |$ K
飞轮 flywheel8 b6 g% D2 B5 k9 Q% H$ z, d( F2 O
飞轮齿圈 flywheel ring gear# x% R( s- K7 _; o# U1 _0 m
飞轮芯棒 cantilever
+ Y5 x! V( @' r4 ~飞轮芯轴 flywheel spindle
* {; M" Q, l: t. f4 _飞轮的惯量矩 flywheel moment of inertia; S; I% A) J( D! d* w
飞轮标记 flywheel mark
5 @5 z# G" ^8 y% C1 @7 p当量系统 equivalent system# R/ n. V* t, C( n  C
当量轴长 equivalent shaft length, P9 j* [% @% j9 N
一级往复惯性力 reciprocating inertia force,1st order
5 X- Q. A0 @# t/ t* |" n' I7 r二级往复贯性力 reciprocating inertia force, 2nd order
- Z" q/ M- `( z4 v. s, S9 j/ m离心惯性力 centrifugal inertia force1 {! i$ y2 y- L% t8 f* B: q
配气机构 valve gear$ B' B- T" a0 n0 `# C, k
凸轮轴 camshaft5 c) X4 C, r! g, y: n6 }; c. V
凸轮 cam1 ^* p' Q. B8 |0 d4 N3 O% D9 B
整体式凸轮轴 one-piece camshaft% K- |$ x, g9 y9 D/ O% w2 ^3 y  w
组合式凸轮轴 assembled camshaft- n1 ]' z& V; {. Y7 j& k
凸轮轴驱动机构 camshaft drive
0 e" ]8 B  R2 b: ^0 o赛车用凸轮轴 race camshaft
) P/ \4 v) A4 E  [& y凸轮轴轴颈 camshaft bearing journal
7 g) E! q8 b" G. c3 O$ E% [凸轮轴轴承 camshaft bearing
$ }4 Z% [. z: h2 o) z. t凸轮轴偏心轮 camshaft eccentric
% R5 S. ?; f7 v+ F1 I1 F. W凸轮轴链轮 camshaft sprocket
) {4 R8 `! z: A4 Y凸轮轴正时齿轮 camshaft timing gear* _9 h& _( z9 ~$ _/ Z- w" d
凸轮轴齿轮 camshaft gear wheel$ F" U% P" h# f" _9 C
进口凸轮 inlet cam. `. z0 ^6 f9 r  x# o
排气凸轮 exhaust cam
! I8 F5 o8 |! L# E快升凸轮 quick lift cam
9 h4 ^7 ~6 o+ S快升缓降凸轮 quick lift gradual clsing cam3 Q" _# J% j3 X! P0 R1 M
凸轮轮廓 cam contour# q$ C  A- S+ a( h$ ?" ]
凸轮包角 cam angle
& l! @3 B& J7 k- @9 c) m0 M凸轮升程 cam-lobe lift
" w* S0 C, J4 w! o! S2 {& k2 I5 f) g0 `* ]1 }
凸轮尖 cam nose
! W/ ^0 p4 Q; G* S0 t: `9 p' h凸轮从动件 cam follower
" m8 U; U2 b8 ]& P1 G- l: r$ `齿轮传动机构 gear drive) _( G0 t) u: k, [$ e
正时齿轮 timing gear
6 M: @  N7 }3 D  ^+ d# j链传动机构 chain drive
- h* N% L4 Z4 \. A4 k链轮 sprocket wheel
  L; R5 e4 R6 X( _' n链轮盘 chain sprocket
* f( Z5 j7 F9 C6 L" x正时链条 timing chain
5 @2 `( z+ [% U+ p带齿皮带 toothed timing belt& o; ]9 j% n6 T1 w& k
链条张紧轮 chain tension gear, T9 _1 s0 M' H: l
半速齿轮 half speed gear! I% `3 m# T& ]8 y+ N& t6 r
正时齿轮刻印记号 timing gear punch mark
: f* n. [! E" {气门 valve
  C2 @, g% v9 f8 @进气过程 intake process* H2 s/ M! O$ {$ w2 M; ~
换气过程 gas exchange process: F& n) T, W. q* f- j5 T
扫气过程 scavenging process
! F* G# B; r( X给气比 delivery ratio  A( q8 w" c0 l. ~' F
分层充气 stratified charge% o0 G8 D  U+ K9 Y
充量系数 volumetric efficiency2 }6 w. Y4 u, W/ O8 x& D+ Y1 h' A0 L
涡流比 swirl rate
5 |  I  {5 V( h! y% E进气涡流 intake swirl
; g. L' ]$ e. c3 ^0 u# J7 q3 Q螺旋进气道进气 helical duct intake
& O2 F; T2 G7 h) q导流屏式气门进气 masked valve intake+ {0 ^, U$ B, `9 @/ T
切向进气道进气 tangential duct intake
. H- [3 s4 h" Z3 ]( l  j进气紊流 intake trubulence7 p% x6 R/ s0 Q
进气提前角 intake advance angle. }( ]+ w* R! c/ p6 S6 J
进气持续角 intake duration angle& e0 y2 ~1 e* [
进气迟后角 intake lag angle+ I- l* y! l- q
进面值 time-area value, J( H4 O+ A5 Q# ?9 @

% L4 v9 ~; H. o. V气门升程 valve lift
) Z- n+ }" I5 i# ]. f0 l, ~气门正时 valve timing
+ D6 B* J. p, ]$ P+ K5 r) {扫气口面积 scavenging port area. b, D, d: C7 v+ @( a
菌形气门 mashroom valve, poppet valve
0 i6 `4 p2 }# J& d5 J钠冷却气门 sodium filled valve(natrium cooled valve)) {8 ?8 j" ^% y) K$ B1 ~  w
双气门 dual valve
+ t! s4 t/ B- U6 b进气门 intake valve (suction valve,inlet valve)
' M" n" i' K7 r( p5 O排气门 exhaust valve5 y) m. M# P1 }9 ~6 k# W8 N
顶置气门 overhead valve! Q6 B5 L% h' @' v
侧置气门 side valve- n$ [% Z/ s/ a; |& I
倾斜气门 inclined overhead valve" P7 A/ ^3 `9 J# T4 x
直立气门 vertical overhead valve
2 x: s4 q! t" f! E! ?套筒式滑阀 sleeve valve) y& I" [. ~" i* |
气门机构 valve gear, L* P, B9 Q6 B  A3 b$ i0 O& }
直接式气门驱动机构 direct valve gear
$ R3 u' b8 [% ]2 f6 h- b间接式气门驱动机构 indirect valve gear
" ~4 S" ]- Z7 ~- q3 k2 n气门杆 valve stem
( J& t3 X6 x) Z加大气门杆 oversize valve stem) C0 }) Y8 o" F& e2 {+ P
气门头 valve head2 t  f3 f. w$ {4 L- J' ?' d7 v
气门工作面 valve face5 {! g3 m$ S/ W* u) \8 y; H
气门边限 valve margin
- k( Y) l, }! i  b5 u气门弹簧座 valve-spring retainer
. r! a7 I: c6 v9 I" h; a' {8 I气门锁片 valve key
$ ?0 }. {2 V; T气门间隙调节螺钉 valve lash adjusting screw
, {9 l1 @1 `/ F+ n气门旋转器 valve rotator
1 ^" X0 ]) J0 E2 T5 O气门室 valve cage% {( P) D& d$ m3 {
气门油封 valve oil seal
, ~4 Q/ ^, E6 O. C! j) b气门口 valve port  S# j& S/ B, z  h3 X+ X
气门座 valve seat0 u5 x& X" f1 j1 z  \. P
气门座镶圈（嵌镶式气门座圈） valve seat insert(valve seat ring)) r$ {% n! S6 ^
气门座锥角 valve seat angle
- a$ b% n; W, F; ]; t3 y气门座宽度 valve seat width
# Q. T8 B7 J5 `) L6 j气门挺杆 valve tappet(valve lifter)
9 s3 z( \" v; T0 q5 G: L" F4 {

heston

  y* f4 C1 L7 M5 _液力挺杆 hydraulic tappet(lifter)' V- Z5 W! `& h8 R  F: z+ a# I
无间隙挺杆 zero-rush tappet (non-clearance tappet)
) i3 J' H% g' K  f  n筒形挺杆 barrel type tappet8 [: c) q2 l0 Q
油压挺杆 ooil tappet
$ V& @! L7 H7 I. W% T7 F滚轮挺杆 roller tappet(lifter)' Y& @3 d) n" x2 j: {" I
挺杆转位 tappet rotation
- F$ {2 r1 i4 u& f* f. F9 w, v排气门挺杆 exhaust valve lifter
% Z* p! A# U; I/ x% `* f- j气门导管 valve guide8 _; c2 _( @" U. G! C! H
气门杆导管 stem guide+ l8 j) N+ _0 h8 c" h0 s
气门重叠度 stem overlap% P* t5 U3 f0 c
气门开启持续时间 valve duration
1 b; ]! P4 `) t0 r气门正时标记 valve timing sign
$ e& t. @3 X. B气门弹簧 valve spring9 K2 G- `0 B. k8 f6 X
气门内弹簧 inner valve spring
+ X& Z$ n! r5 h4 X0 U! y1 u; D! `" p气门外弹簧 outer valve spring
  a, Z/ [' ]: C刚性缓冲弹簧 stiff buffer spring6 b9 d6 g& H  l$ a/ V3 d: |
上紧弹簧 energizing spring& |: P) ?/ V1 f" s3 V6 }
防振气门弹簧 non-surging spring
: L  N9 D; A9 |3 s' E( C( P- F弹簧座圈 spring retainer7 S, A4 Z8 X4 n; I1 ~
蝶形弹簧 belleville spring
" F+ i/ D" E9 A0 U* ]. p: n滚柱 roller
9 ~  e) ^# v& O* C3 ^+ ?! y) Q2 g气门室盖 valve chamber cover
0 B- ^0 G, t6 V) {- y摇臂 rocker arm
" v: F$ c9 Y' c3 S% r1 W高升程摇臂 high lift rocker arm
' d* Q+ K; F7 Q4 K摇臂轴 rocker arm shaft) \8 K& |5 o* A* ^' k
推杆 push-rod
8 M- c! _' k6 R摇臂支架 rocker arm bracket
5 T# q0 V3 u0 g! o8 |) ~气门摇臂室罩 valve rocker chamber cover
& p! e+ V$ _8 A" K导向轮 guide wheel
9 V" V3 P/ |/ I: `! F. V导杆 slide bar
) |8 |% a- R6 `& f% k' O7 l$ B导轨 slide rail
& ?! ?9 i- r9 V! v; i张紧轮 tensioning wheel
4 J  E3 a9 D" q  i0 w
) R- z! D3 n" g. M3 p$ \链条张紧调节装置 assembly chain tension adjuster' ~. [6 x1 N+ Y* K
张紧带轮 tensioning pulley+ `! b) `0 q3 x7 D1 s% m* t1 k2 N
传动带张紧装置 belt tensioner4 k4 }, W9 ^1 O9 ~+ Q# Y
同步驱动皮带 synchronous belt# ]' j! |% v2 y& G
同步驱动皮轮 synchronous belt pulley0 C3 v# F, E3 |
供油系 fuel system' G' Q. W& s# _! K; f
控制燃烧系统 controlled combustion system- @# D2 m5 e  b6 J
反湿气装置 antipercolator
0 ~+ R% `1 r( ~: t. A7 n电子燃油喷射 electronic fuel injection
$ f0 k. i& A! H' t4 p! ^蒸气回收装置 vapor recovery system
2 x$ i6 \. y0 J# U( g燃油蒸气回收系统 fuel vapor recovery system+ m2 j7 a" q0 Z" _0 j& ^% V7 C5 Y
液体回收装置 liquid withdrawal system: E7 V' r9 {1 y. j
恒量净化管 constant purge line3 w) |! O( x3 M3 Z
碳罐净化管 canister purge line* @/ @7 [: Q7 Q9 @; P: [
供油量 fuel delivery, b5 t9 Z( d9 g9 N9 Q
循环供油量 fuel delivery per cycle
' l8 k, C9 {2 _额定供油量 rated fuel delivery
3 V' x+ \7 m9 q怠速供油量 idling speed fuel delivery
$ d7 t7 Y  h' v+ L0 q供油规律 fuel supply rate curve
4 `+ K5 O6 K& b% w: z. R) k+ `油量调节装置 fuel control unit: I% o/ T& W. I! l
供油提前角 fuel supply advance angle5 W# C& n" l6 N) x  K/ _5 S
进油计量 inlet metering% o" y! c6 D/ L1 p; \6 @/ r, O
几何供油行程 geometric fuel delivery stroke  ]: l; B5 }: n' P
供油率 fuel supply rate
* s/ `4 h$ n/ X* K! F% o5 ?燃油通道 fuel gallery
2 a. S4 R2 S- K* I9 l有效行程 effective stroke1 w2 s) a9 U' w' [5 F. t! C) H% ?3 p
剩余行程 remainder stroke
( y4 p9 N5 h  U( c变行程计量 variable stroke metering6 ?. q- P6 [* m  |2 Z' l; F
等容卸载 constant volume unloading
! h8 q9 X+ p2 g" N7 \变容卸载 variable volume unloading8 ?/ y  k- p! F$ O* y8 q% p
收缩容积 retraction volume( Z- l3 I9 o; P8 f( y/ E) B1 C
燃油喷油装置 fuel injection equipment
% O* s. C. p% L; k5 ~5 c& ?  v
# D6 r+ s  k4 s$ N燃油喷射泵 fuel injection pump8 N# O, i- U* o3 Z! W$ b
滚轮式燃油喷射泵 roll fuel injection pump
, y7 I; k8 ?0 g. |2 ^凸轮轴式燃油喷射泵 camshaft fuel injection pump6 J. Q. w" B- I% S
直列式燃油喷射泵 in-line fuel injection pump- F7 d; c7 G& X
伺服式燃油喷射泵 servo fuel injection pump6 k5 S( |' M* ], f4 X5 R/ _
底部突缘安装燃油喷射泵 base flanged mounted fuel injection pump
# l0 ?" J. p9 R9 K6 Y) r$ g上部安装燃油喷射泵 high flanged-mounted fuel injection pump, q% {" ^+ q+ O' n4 N3 ?- d
侧向安装燃油喷射泵 side-mounted fuel injection pump/ B& f' O2 S0 U+ S- K
端部突缘安装式燃油喷射泵 end flange-mounted fuel injection pump
" n5 B6 r# H; Z$ N( IV形燃油喷射泵 vee fuel injection pump$ L" \; f: B& g5 d3 m: u
脉动式燃油喷射泵 jerk fuel injection pump
3 }) q( y! D: j6 M% u% h( ]* S螺纹安装燃油喷射泵 screw-mounted fuel injection pump1 ~) U# m# ?5 Y4 ^; s: m4 X1 o
蓄能式燃油喷射泵 accumulator fuel injection pump
( w, }+ t, h6 u" H8 V+ l$ f6 a往复式燃油喷射泵 reciprocating fuel injection pump+ ]+ P- f/ t* n* V
驱动轴式燃油喷射泵 driveshaft fuel injection pump
  r6 Y$ E; \% ^$ T) {* D9 w. N单缸式燃油喷射泵 single cylinder fuel injection pump- {$ u6 m, O. X
圆柱式燃油喷射泵 cylindrical fuel injection pump
# z* q- f, b( R# g+ t6 }旋转式燃油喷射泵 rotary fuel injection pump; i  o/ G( ^' @* n) A
分配式燃油喷射泵 distributor fuel injection pump: D+ E# e: @6 ?. ?& N% R9 B/ h
多缸燃油喷射泵 multicylinder fuel injection pump0 \8 R3 b, F5 h5 t- w9 g
框架安装式燃油喷射泵 cradle mounted injection pump
) C: l" G" X2 m% x; Y" L% x喷油始点 fuel injection beginning& p! t2 f$ S# X9 `* k
喷油终点 fuel injection end+ g: _; R# ^! M! D
喷油持续角 fuel injection duration angle
) S/ l* A7 o. x$ ^5 D" h4 R' x喷油延迟 injection delay
9 ?8 n; E3 ^  |( @* L2 }9 F: a) i引燃喷射 pilot injection8 ^6 S* S( ?0 p, ]& q& R8 k( O
启喷压力 injection starting pressure
% K# Q; q. {9 E" t. m( S! Y( F& L峰值喷油扭矩 peak injection torque
3 ~6 V$ t$ s1 \7 T5 }峰值喷油压力 peak injection pressure' ]' E: r; v' b, j$ \+ N8 P
喷油泵油缸数目 number of cylinders of an injection pump
8 r7 ]% ~& C- p9 D4 P无气喷射 solid injection 3 Y* F. t: T& o1 m* X  T, K8 j7 A3 e
( P& N- G5 n, |
喷射正时 injection timing
( b- K) ^5 r( N: n集中喷射 group injection
5 J0 S- Y+ k1 x* p$ v4 M喷油器 injector
. R+ [' [9 i- L: |) u8 Z" c; P整体式喷油器 unit injector
$ s# A- M8 D! v9 y* J2 @喷嘴 nozzle
9 L0 _' l( p6 K9 [( `1 n& M  {轴针式喷嘴 pintle type nozzle/ h! U# \1 I' K
环槽式喷嘴 annular slot nozzle3 t3 i) e7 V3 R6 y& \6 j& [5 v
孔式喷嘴 hole type nozzle: z  o3 j0 ?! X! L9 B: I% |
长杆喷嘴 long stem nozzle" j- H8 f( i8 D* w+ m
孔板式喷嘴 orifice plate nozzle
, ]' V4 v. ]0 _) h开式喷嘴 open nozzle1 q! s2 K2 w9 c4 Q
闭式喷嘴 closed nozzle- W3 A, z, j8 v* I3 G: E1 ?. o! |3 f
喷油提前器 timing advance unit
8 R; ~' x& H( z3 w喷射泵壳体 injection pump housing
; H2 O1 Q: H# ~0 C针阀 needle
* v3 K# z5 v% d' `/ t芯轴 central spindle
. [3 m' i% d- D3 _8 h  r喷嘴壳体 nozzle body! I3 D# S: t( s0 s" ~) X
针阀升程 needle lift
5 ?+ y3 X% \, I5 @喷嘴盖形螺母 nozzle cap nut% A; s  S. R% Q, O
喷油器壳体 nozzle holder
) U+ [( @$ Z& s. p: U4 o突缘安装喷油器壳体 flanged-mounted injection nozzle holder
# u$ C1 z9 N2 [  `燃油喷射泵传动装置 transmision of an injection pump
% }( ^% {/ J' O+ Y喷嘴锥体 nozzle hole cone
5 L$ }0 p  d/ p" D柱塞 plunger
1 o0 K' ]1 `7 K' L# c' O2 D柱塞套 barrel
6 C4 s9 C' A' A7 v4 p/ J: w' ?柱塞行程 plunger stroke: P" a+ O7 K$ P" w
喷孔 spray orifice
: P1 P; z7 C8 y, X( g. z海拔控制器 altitude control
8 w/ \$ f' r0 |) Y5 N, Y! L

heston

# d$ q# k* ^: ]
提前器飞锤 flyweight
- H- d0 Y+ O3 D! w0 U* b: K喷孔长径比 ratio of nozzle hole length nozzle diameter
. Q& t4 O" m. _* W7 g9 {! t喷嘴液动力特性 nozzle hydrokinetic characteristics; X8 o9 `( ^$ V8 |' }4 z
动态相位 dynamic phase
& h; R$ g- u3 d  D$ h喷孔面积 nozzle hole area) _% @. O) @9 Z+ X" I
喷嘴流通特性 nozzle flow characteristic
1 S3 J( ~" k& m- ]$ ~1 `1 H喷油背压 injection back pressure
9 |; ?7 F) j* h3 H1 F6 U6 h1 N高压油管 high pressure pipe: j/ Z: j8 o: L4 X) C# I; G9 z
平均喷油扭矩 mean injection torque: n' P  ]3 l$ b
喷油总效率 overall pumping efficiency$ n# m2 L% g1 l, w, A# ^) L# G. V" |
峰值喷油压力 injection peak pressure, b  l. {9 N- W* x
预行程 prestroke
) h  Q! N' ~+ Q# |( o9 Q收缩行程 retraction stroke
& U& \; Q4 t; @  d; D燃油箱 fuel tank
! o) i( K# q% L8 N$ S* L5 u$ e* O油箱盖 fuel tank6 e0 k: V* F3 r/ Y( F) O
油位表 fuel level gauge. T  J$ `5 m8 C  J. `4 O
注油控制装置 fill control system' q$ j1 E% b* m7 ?9 L- L  {
汽油箱 gasoline tank( petrol tank)
/ ~: M+ {9 m4 M/ w6 L9 W% Z2 D9 W汽油供给管 gasoline feed pipe4 E8 T" U- W  W4 O/ v/ L
加油管 filler tube
- o4 u( f$ X  C8 Y& K1 V; Y放油螺塞 drain plug- O) w) E. q- T; b' b5 t4 Y4 E
吸油管 suction pipe3 Z# j+ T* S1 |1 U6 t- @6 p; w
刚性燃油管 rigid fuel pipe" w7 v! Y3 w" r' \8 h. C
进油孔 fuel feed hole) V* M5 {( t" ]2 R  U
供油管 supply pipe; T2 D) a3 f0 r. O
通气管 bleeding pipe. W9 m0 b  ]1 B9 X- b
通气管 bleeding pipe
" G3 j$ l5 R& a' A* G泄油阀 spill valve
/ ]$ p' q% f4 r6 n3 w. j泄油孔口 spill port
6 `( k* P; T8 s3 x/ g) y进油阀 inlet valve
- w) P0 [7 O$ O  i+ k$ K最大油量限制器 maximum fuel stop, \* N) Q# T# i

3 g+ X% G" f6 n滴油 dribble
8 o. A% E! B6 p9 {2 S" r: E燃油表 fuel gauge
3 c/ [8 H( Q, d' U. N- I" J输油泵 feed pump
: M- [2 d. }0 S; a$ F燃油泵 fuel pump
8 Y, i$ g# R% F+ K+ \6 g附装燃油箱中的电动燃油泵 tank-mounted eletric fuel pump
8 n' f- ]& `; e. m2 K机械式燃油泵 mechanical fuel pump
" W3 `( z8 ~2 `膜片式燃油泵 diaphragm fuel supply pump
9 l$ z; G6 R* e0 t叶片式供油泵 vane fuel supply pump
, k5 o2 X( I# d# o活塞式输油泵 piston type fuel supply pump: Z( i9 _1 N  q
齿轮式输油泵 gear fuel supply pump# X; N0 r; Y; i2 M! \. ]# h
电动燃油泵 eletric fuel pump
1 H! s$ Z" ^3 @带真空泵的汽油泵 vacuum pump with fuel pump# r  \: U: s6 t. f% B( A/ E0 w
起动加油器 primer
# C" E1 q  l+ r/ |2 A, j6 m起动给油杆 primer lever
  n; D' g- ?3 W6 P1 @燃油泵上体 fuel pump body
6 @! u; L4 K/ D燃油泵下体 fuel pump base
$ R, F9 x( U* ^: A2 R0 m1 L燃油泵盖 bowl cover. M! d  l4 _6 A
进油口接头 fuel inlet neck: ^7 @* O" M3 n5 h5 \
出油口接头 fuel discharge port
+ M! D) \7 [. u! a输出阀 delivery valve. y2 @# l1 `- `/ i
泵油元件 pump element+ W6 f/ Q- L6 R" c
回油阀部件 fuel return valve assembly2 ~9 S- u7 Y  P; b
化油器 carburetor9 C* a+ u7 y* |/ f) b
化油器系统 carburetor circuit7 k0 O& `4 ~! F: b
简单化油器 elementary carburetor/ k7 o, x/ I! ?: m% u
单腔化油器 single-barrel carburetor1 W8 l+ |6 n* e9 P5 W# t& g
双腔并动化油器 two-barrel dual carburetor# G4 n, s, ~% o! |# ]% k; O
双腔分动化油器 two-barrel duplex carburetor8 W" w% u  s$ T( t7 J$ W# d
四腔化油器 four-barrel carburetor
0 _9 W1 z1 G# Z- S$ u* s上吸式化油器 updaught carburetor
- _4 t2 m7 E8 `* ?$ a下吸式化油器 downdraught carburetor% J# O2 ~* R$ w

3 @# I% ]  c, M& b$ A平吸式化油器 horizontal carburetor$ O* Y6 Q2 ]7 z& h) ?0 r- K+ G
侧吸式化油器 side-draft-carburetor9 L+ O/ ]3 Z, Y6 U4 {# {
高海拔补偿式化油器 altitude compensating carburetor1 C3 d' ~5 D# D1 Z" I) N
化油器附加器 adaptor carburetor! b7 ^/ B- J# B) `" Q! ^/ P
双腔式化油器 twin-choke carburetor  ~  j3 F1 Z8 K; P8 t+ H8 y
固定喉管式化油器 fixed venturi carburetor
( l- w( ]) F! Q- [可变喉管化油器 variable venturi carburetor9 I8 ^3 m! r1 m* P% O! M9 X3 J
化油器接头 carburetor adaptor% U$ \% ?8 O! E$ S% y
阻风门 choke valve( K( h) z; o1 V7 a/ ?& j1 g* R% _
阻风活塞 choke piston1 t& Q! {# Y& X7 K8 N1 `
阻风板 choke plate. u- `+ `: m3 T& `
自动阻风门 automatic choke7 G" k# k  ], `% J2 T% }! V
阻风门拉钮 choke button6 `* z. k" X' x" ^  B
电控自动阻风门 electric-assisted choke
! x0 H" E/ d5 z9 X6 Y阻风管 choke tube1 S2 A% e$ e. Y5 a, l3 C
喉管 venturi; V9 o2 w$ O# F% ~) s4 z/ b
双重或三重喉管 double & triple venturi
* ~, ?- B: e2 e3 i& M& Y阻风门拉线 choke cable
# E  J& N% h3 B: k4 W/ X, @) |- @化油器小喉管 booster venturi1 |. C* P1 r5 i) N2 m0 m* g0 O
浮子系 float system" D' h0 Q: r% O; n" J' p
浮子 float
. l/ N. c6 f2 F- ?. i环形浮子 annular float% R4 m8 e! [" o1 _
同心式浮子 concentric float
4 A  T) U$ \% J浮子支销 float hinge pin( a0 B6 ?% a4 y" s' g  x
浮子针阀 float needle valve
9 m, d7 ?3 @* l2 Y9 Z( N  v3 {阀针 valve needle
* A1 z5 [5 d6 {3 e9 }浮子油面 float level
; |6 z# x$ t5 W3 N% t- L# T- y浮子臂 float arm
. e3 K/ O0 [2 ?! q7 N侧置浮子室式 side float type  _4 f$ y* n7 m2 v

heston

5 ~1 a5 N5 X  j: }/ N: S) n怠速阀 idle valve5 \5 C/ s7 P5 U: Y
怠速针阀 idle needle4 _) P. G5 P6 l
省油器 economizer
6 q- r3 u8 U% _- [* p, y省油器阀 economizer valve
/ m! ^) d9 O6 g! U% R7 \辅助空气阀 auxiliary air-valve6 H7 x2 W; \: `/ D: s. @) u- [
加速油井 accelerating well
& Y  H( G* U1 s" n' E* `加速泵 accelerating pump$ [6 x* _( Z, i/ `
加速泵喷嘴 accelerating pump nozzle
& p! a) \# y+ Z: V' c油门 throttle
/ T1 z$ Y2 P; _/ ^$ I手油门 hand throttle
/ ?# y/ a* ?3 E$ F) n6 B2 j节气门操纵手柄 throttle control lever+ @7 G' o) T9 I
真空加浓器 vacuum booster- a6 N- u+ A+ ]2 Z8 E6 a- ~
加浓器 excess fuel device% M0 B# W6 J1 Q; M
量孔体 jet block  I, [/ e) O! r* m
怠速量孔 idle metering jet! z7 G$ U2 }0 H9 _) m
主量孔 main metering jet
( h- B1 L1 b( N: h& u4 \剂量阀活塞 dosage valve piston- o2 Z$ K; L) T0 U  p4 i' Z: J
空气量孔 air jet
/ m, E6 f" B' i' k9 H燃油滤清器 fuel filter/ M' t6 v1 n' z& y; [
沉淀杯 sediment bowl2 Q1 Y+ j  e  W' N7 v( R% P7 Z
串联过滤器 in-line filter
% Q: {3 ^& W( P! A燃油箱内装过滤器 in-tank filter
7 g6 z8 O" i8 _2 L调速器 governor- y9 T' c* S5 [, K+ }% Q2 i
飞球式调速器 flyball governor
' K3 C. V: E; A* O0 c调速器 governor$ X8 Q4 O0 c0 q4 V$ ^( }, w
飞球式调速器 flyball governor
! n: c( \" O$ H液压调速器 hydraulic governor2 N$ \$ P. I: w0 M7 w! D" v
真空转速调速器 vacuum speed governor9 U' R. ]' w# j7 C9 J7 @" `
惯性调速器 inertia governor
* W8 y6 H; x* ]: m: Q3 e
9 f6 t! J: q) j; q离心调速器 centrifugal governor. f9 C9 D5 z, d  f9 O. d$ e6 R" H8 e
调速器重锤 governor weight9 a! w7 G" z( w& ?' v( L5 M: F6 S
空气滤清器及进排气系统 air cleaner and intake and exhaust sytem
. {  C5 y2 k6 f: W$ W空气滤清器 air filter) W7 z5 {' L! p7 r/ W1 Q
冲压式空气滤清器 ram air clearner
, j% t- i( Y9 s6 q0 ]# y4 T恒温控制式空气滤清器 thermostatic controlled air cleaner: ?3 z' j% }% G
油浴式空气滤清器 oil bath air cleaner4 U0 S* I5 q  z) K9 w$ u
纸质空气滤 清器 paper air clearner6 ]/ Q( F5 }! |) v, Y% E
旋流管式空气滤清器 swirl tube air filter& X1 X& _% F6 o& a; t
滤清器滤芯 filter element
3 {1 |+ S8 T: F  ^9 P空气滤清器壳体 air filter housing- w2 d) L' h- N9 l  `
空气滤清器盖 air filter cover, c' {4 I; x. t' y9 T7 M
滤清器密封圈 filter seal ring  Z6 W' X2 j$ \3 |3 p7 \
滤网 sieve6 v5 R. }5 g  C& A0 n, e0 Y
滤纸盘或膜 filter paper disc or membrane: [7 m+ L7 S7 |$ a0 Q& P
进气和排气系统 intake and exhaust system
* u* L2 K9 u0 a; m+ ]5 y  Q+ s排气管 exhaust pipe; A" g' r7 e+ N1 g5 y8 F- V! b
排气抽气管 exhaust extraction duct
' D( s5 w" k# r+ K# \2 B扫气泵 scavenging pump1 I" l6 @' ?6 n9 t: T
进气预热装置 intake preheater9 [! A6 H' A$ S
进气歧管 intake manifold4 q! o/ V6 c/ v) p) X7 |7 p$ O7 x9 @' F
进气歧管真空度 intake manifold vacuum
7 H; v/ [# M& @6 m4 {3 t冷式进气歧管 cold manifold; p, \  ~# a9 Q* G: q
冲压式进气歧管 ram intake manifold. r# P' G8 U. Y, j
排气歧管 exhaust manifold1 V# w+ D8 y/ J
脉冲式排气歧管 pulse exhaust manifold
  `" l7 e5 ?2 A( O+ U6 {等压排气歧管 constant pressrue exhaust manifold/ B7 T6 C2 q; R* ?9 t6 p- F7 r
排气歧管热量控制阀 exhaust manifold heat control valve
8 Y: r3 u0 g; W超高度歧管 high-rise manifold
/ R* }* w/ S' U9 m8 E升温横跨管道 heat crossover# K) W$ K+ Y. @2 V' z
排气横跨管道 exhaust crossover& k" Y9 b, A  }: W! ?
6 g, A& V7 b0 j' V7 M; E2 G2 f
预热点 hot spot/ L- t& ?8 L2 f& Y+ N& e  b
阻风门加热器 choke heater4 j: i. ~# \( w  |3 R
热空气导流管 hot air duct
; X: D3 d7 h. g) \# @隔热板 heat shield
- s4 _. Y  g; g3 ]4 ]. L; S, {/ k排气再循环阀 exhaust -gas-recirculation
9 o4 h0 h' m  l; }5 O5 ?  c消声器 silencer
1 i; ^: f/ J& Z1 g1 ?, s) P7 {0 g进气消声器 intake silencer
( `. ?9 }6 Q; Z2 l2 a6 f4 v排气消声器 exhaust silencer
! w0 p$ ?: i& ^" O8 n$ x' y  t) N- [金属垫片式消声器 steel pack muffler
, f  \' V7 j4 U' {1 g. x玻璃丝消声器 glass pack muffler2 q2 J5 R7 _0 s/ g/ \
空洞消声器 gutted muffler
0 S! L2 e+ {/ V; M: W前排气管 front exhaust pipe
6 _0 d, X$ Q+ Q: r尾管 tail pipe
0 ~3 z. @. t; y9 a" x% ^消声器联接管 intermediate pipe
$ \& j* n( `5 Q% v0 D7 z/ N热空气管 hot air pipe
9 r* _8 G% q+ ]; ?曲轴箱通风管 crankcase bleed pipe7 e6 v# E3 t/ E" A$ p5 J$ l" I
隔声罩 acoustic hood
3 N. a/ z( j2 k  \1 _进气消声器元件 silencer element. [) W3 ]9 S4 S, ~- |
真空泵 vacuum pump
. C; e6 h# z2 o* m' s3 N7 y指示功率 indicated power
$ u' T; v+ ?& g, b! q* \指示热效率 indicated thermal efficiency+ f/ b) ]; j2 f6 u6 H. U, r2 X
指示油耗率 indicated specific energy consumption
0 _6 h5 M. E- p/ c+ f: W* P示功图 indicator diagram
& E% V: h6 m4 [: Q: E5 W: f冷却系 cooling system
- S* Z  w  O% W; i; i3 P3 t8 W- Q风冷 air cooling
! `# {& g6 j; ?4 D; m1 k水冷 water-cooling, y7 P; ?/ h/ d' C. d% ~
循环流冷却系 cooling recovery system$ @: r' h+ d( h
自然循环液冷却系统 natural circulation type cooling system0 z. k1 G+ @- t# k5 ~* S+ Z
热流循环液冷却系统 thermo-siphon circulation type cooling system
! i4 b4 p3 Y& ]7 A) z/ W) J" A温差循环液冷却系统 gravity circulation water cooling system
7 z* M# f4 |  x9 _) ?- b* W压力式水冷却系统 positive circulation cooling system) a, ?3 P! q2 Y2 B  Y8 N5 L
加压式冷却法 pressure type cooling) S& w: v8 L. ], W- X
水泵循环冷却系统 pump circulation cooling system7 J& }5 B1 `7 h) I# [

; R: e6 i6 w! H0 N+ d/ `" A! K强制循环式化冷系统 forced-feed water circulation system
: W- a" @  t5 U7 D封闭式液冷系统 sealed cooling system
; j1 R3 M/ P5 o+ O5 Y8 c- {散热器 radiator
- t9 _, x6 {; r- I+ p  U, }片式散热器 finned radiator
" t" q; g' Q' d% s管式散热器 tubular radiator8 r- M' h, X* K# N
蜂窝式散热器 cellular radiator
, p6 P* [% j- L9 A( C4 q哈里逊式散热器 Harrison type radiator
$ \6 j- o+ T' Z/ i5 D" M; Q带板式散热器 ribbon type radiator( T" O5 V! Q- z0 i) o
上水箱 upper tank
) K/ I9 z, d. ?& J; O下水箱 lower tank
. h/ `0 I* X+ _7 _) v" [涨溢箱 expansion tank2 m% O1 W/ {( Y3 _6 s2 R, Y
散热器芯 radiator core- W- S1 X% M0 U3 `/ Y
之字形管散热器芯 film core' u/ a, i2 b. E" c
管-片式散热器芯 fin and tube core0 F4 b- C; n  G3 H6 e! j5 r
散热器加水口盖 radiator filter cap* r3 o# ?# |7 I- e: _( r
压力式水箱盖 radiator-pressure cap
, ?3 X5 g; {3 z蒸气-空气泄放阀 vapor-air release valve
+ O! X7 F' u) V' V散热器护罩 radiator cowl8 M* f2 z+ Q. l( p7 G/ s
散热器百叶窗 radiator shutter, t! a& F; I' w1 l/ [1 `
散热器保温帘 radiator roller blind& h# W& r2 H3 a4 D9 J  A
散热片 cooling fin
: O' i% e; y: Q' ?- X! d: a7 g5 s缸盖散热片 cylinder head fin
* Z3 @  l% v$ B. C缸体散热片 cylinder block fin' X  k: Y0 K9 B8 r# i- L' B+ u) t/ q
控温装置 temperature regulating device! o+ P4 w+ v, R+ o
恒温器 thermostat
" n8 {" H+ O5 h5 F1 j. t. c4 \" b恒温器主阀 thermostat main valve% f5 l- x+ ]. w* O/ B
恒温器旁通阀 thermostat by-pass valve
0 @3 P1 h7 ^5 w! c7 J' r4 f恒温器挠性波纹筒 thermostat flexible bellows  k! e3 ?+ F1 Y% c7 E' k2 N
液体冷却设备 liquid cooling equipment. R2 T8 l4 B6 d/ |( n* X

" S; L* {) d& D- W. k0 L3 o水泵 water pump8 ~4 Z; ?! `/ b  @0 j
水泵体 pump casing" {6 R5 Q. d6 N2 X1 U1 B
水泵叶轮 water pump impeller& e$ H/ I' P# V0 m- L$ Z' @
旁通进水口 water by-pass inlet neck
9 s0 D5 t" R7 g% R循环泵 circulating pump7 a1 T" B& A# Y4 `0 q
主进水口 water main inlet port5 F3 i/ j2 B5 f+ z1 P) Z+ n1 ^* U
出水口 water outlet port! W) J. ]# S6 e1 g9 ]  n7 Z
自调式水封 self-adjusting seal unit
6 ~9 _( \8 w* S# N溢流管 overflow pipe7 `" C- K+ F- O, {1 Y) P1 e
导流板 deflector
/ L1 }/ |1 Q! N# b4 M风扇 fan(blower)* I# a+ E: S. }0 A, z- \+ }
轴流式风扇 axial flow fan
9 L2 T2 I: C% _4 z8 q离心式风扇 centrifugal fan
% Q: b( X" D" {  `( S  `风扇壳体 blower casing/ [+ T$ E7 O+ Q1 Q5 w: D
风扇导流罩 fan cowl/ q+ @  W+ L% k0 K' r' N( X
风扇毂 fan hub
* n: N3 k4 s# w/ `4 A, t8 G1 Z风扇叶片 fan blade
. `5 M+ `$ P6 Z9 l; y风扇叶轮 blower impeller/ ?% d) c2 _0 z/ Z* f  _' C3 o. x
风扇导流定子 blower stator
/ y. j& b! Q4 y/ u风扇皮带轮 fan pulley
" M1 u. v! Z7 J, \' s三角皮带 v-belt" c3 E! @1 u. w. r1 H( A
风扇护罩 fan shroud% v9 Y( |3 f3 Z  t& y: Y7 |
风扇叶轮叶片 impeller vane
; z+ U0 O2 Y! Y) w5 d/ X2 s. f冷却用空气 cooling air
+ E, s( J1 l2 x9 H风扇导流叶片 stator vane
1 O8 {2 a8 @4 ~  E: V强制风冷 forced-air cooling
0 \- ~! E2 ?2 k7 Q% b3 M1 @自然风冷 natural air cooling
; t  X& L; Y# W( `风道 air ducting
& A0 C5 S6 G9 q- _

oitzo545

谢谢分享1 R& g0 R+ N' n: [/ B4 G/ n

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  B5 Q6 n& o: x  F. l我用EMS和申通快递、韵达快递、圆通快递，你们呢？

henryit

这么好的贴子怎么没有人顶啊？？？